tRPC 11 WebSocket DoS Vulnerability

Description

An unhandled error is thrown when validating invalid connectionParams which crashes a tRPC WebSocket server. This allows any unauthenticated user to crash a tRPC 11 WebSocket server.

Recommendation

Update the @trpc/server package to the latest compatible version. Followings are version details:

• Affected version(s): >= 11.0.0, < 11.1.1
• Patched version(s): 11.1.1

References

• GHSA-pj3v-9cm8-gvj8
• CVE-2025-43855
• CWE-248
• CWE-460
• CAPEC-310
• OWASP 2021-A6

Related Issues

• tRPC has possible prototype pollution in `experimental_nextAppDirCaller` - CVE-2025-68130
• Cline Kanban Server has a Cross-Origin WebSocket Hijacking Vulnerability - CVE-2026-44211
• @sveltejs/kit has memory amplification DoS vulnerability in Remote Functions binary form deserializer (application/x-sve - CVE-2026-22803
• Finance.js vulnerable to DoS via the seekZero() parameter - CVE-2025-56572

You might also like:

CSRF, XXE, and 12 Other Security Acronyms Explained

Exploiting Server Version Disclosure

How do hackers hack websites?

Tags:

npm

@trpc/server